SDG 10 – “Reduce inequalities within and among countries” –  is made up of 10 targets and 11 indicators. SDG 10 will be reviewed at the High-Level Political Forum in 2019, along with SDGs 4, 8, 13, and 16. SDG 17 is reviewed annually. ...

The last 35 years have seen significant warming of the earth’s atmosphere. This is closely linked to human activity, in particular an increase in the industrial emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. Climate change has already resulted in an increased intensity ...

SDG 3 – “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages” – has a monitoring framework made up of 13 targets and 26 indicators. It covers maternal (3.1) and newborn/children’s health (3.2), communicable (3.3) and non-communicable diseases (3.4), substance abuse (3.5), traffic ...

SDG 7 – “Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all” – has a monitoring framework with five targets and six indicators. These will be used to monitor progress toward achieving global sustainable energy access as part of the 2030 Agenda. ...

The Mekong River system maintains the world’s largest inland fishery. 2.2 million tonnes of fish were harvested from it in 2009, with an estimated retail market value between US$4.3 billion and US$7.8 billion. The value of the Mekong’s fish harvest is not simply economic, however, ...

SDG 14 aims to “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”144 and covers a wide range of human interactions with the oceans. In July 2017, the UN confirmed its strong commitment to implement SDG 14 by adopting a universal ...

SDG 11 – “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” – is made up of 10 targets and 15 indicators. It covers aspects of safe and accessible urban spaces and services such as housing (SDG 11.1), transport (SDG 11.2) and green spaces ...

SDG 6 – “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all” – has a monitoring framework with eight targets and 11 indicators. These will be used to drive action towards achieving universal access to safely and appropriately managed water resources as part ...

SDG 9 – “Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation” – is made up of eight targets and 12 indicators. SDG 9 addresses three aspects of sustainable development: infrastructure (9.1, 9.4, 9.A), inclusive industrial development (9.2) including a focus on small-scale ...

Introduction Rivers and lakes are two types of surface water. In Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam (or the Lower Mekong Countries), the majority of surface water is organized into large river systems that network into streams, lakes, ponds and wetlands, and flow into deltas. It ...

COVID-19 in the Mekong The novel coronavirus has triggered a global response of extreme measures. The immediate changes are countable. As of April 15, 2020, over 2 million cases of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) have been counted globally, with over 100,000 confirmed deaths. Tech tools to ...

SDG 1 – “End poverty in all its forms everywhere” – is made up of seven targets and 14 indicators. It covers not only income-based measures of poverty (1.1, 1.2) but also other dimensions (1.2), including access to social protection (1.3) and basic services (1.4), ...

The industrial processes for extracting minerals include drilling and pumping, quarrying, and mining. Extractive industries are generally divided into two sectors: mining, and oil and gas. In addition to natural gas, oil and coal reserves, the Lower Mekong's mineral resources include gold, copper, jade, lead, ...

Climate change adaptation is understood as the actions undertaken by communities to cope with actual or predicted impacts of  climate change.37 The actions may either reduce the level of harm or maximize the positive outcomes from climate change.38 Adaptaton differs from mitigation, which means taking action ...

SDG 4 – “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” – is made up of a global monitoring framework of 10 targets and, starting in 2020, 12 indicators. Education is considered a fundamental human right53 and a core enabler ...

The region has been heavily reliant on the readily available supplies of forest timber, non-timber forest products and minerals to boost their economies. Various organizations and government agencies are responsible for over-seeing this usage and management, and how they respond to current environmental concerns. ...

SDG 16 seeks to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.”94 Its monitoring framework includes twelve targets, each of which have between one and four indicators.95 ...